Quality Control of [1,1′-Biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid, Career opportunities within science and technology are seeing unprecedented growth across the world, and those who study chemistry or another natural science at university now have increasingly better career prospects. 92-92-2, Name is [1,1′-Biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid, SMILES is O=C(C1=CC=C(C2=CC=CC=C2)C=C1)O, belongs to phthalazine compound. In a article, author is Amano, Takayuki, introduce new discover of the category.
Dantrolene is used for malignant hyperthermia during anesthesia, and it sometimes causes severe liver injury as a side effect. Dantrolene is metabolized to acetylaminodantrolene, which is formed via the reduction of dantrolene to aminodantrolene and subsequent acetylation. Formation of hydroxylamine during the metabolic process may be associated with liver injury. We identified the enzymes responsible for dantrolene metabolism in humans to elucidate the mechanism of liver injury. Dantrolene reductase activity was not detected in human liver microsomes, but it was detected in cytosol. Formation was increased in the presence of N-1-methylnicotineamide, which is an electron donor to aldehyde oxidase 1 (AOX1). Potent inhibitors of AOX1 and a correlation study with a marker of AOX1 activity, namely phthalazine oxidase activity, in a panel of 28 human liver cytosol samples supported the role of AOX1 in dantrolene reduction. Acetylaminodantrolene formation from aminodantrolene was highly detected in recombinant N-acetyltransferase (NAT) 2 rather than NATI. A glutathione trapping assay revealed the formation of hydroxylamine via an AOX1-dependent reduction of dantrolene but not via hydroxylation of aminodantrolene. In conclusion, we found that AOX1 and NAT2 were responsible for dantrolene metabolism in humans and that AOX1-dependent metabolism determines dantrolene-induced liver injury.
Balanced chemical reaction does not necessarily reveal either the individual elementary reactions by which a reaction occurs or its rate law. In my other articles, you can also check out more blogs about 92-92-2. Quality Control of [1,1′-Biphenyl]-4-carboxylic acid.
Reference:
Phthalazine – Wikipedia,
,Phthalazine | C8H6N2 – PubChem